When titanium is combined with other
metals it creates a metallic material known as a titanium alloy. The other
metal in the alloy is typically small amounts of aluminum, tin, palladium or
vanadium. Titanium alloys are created because they give improved properties
over pure titanium and are better suited for different types of work where pure
titanium is not quite ideal.
The enhanced characteristics include
things such as good weldability (fabricability), corrosion resisitance, along
with strength and stability at elevated temperatures. Because titanium is
extremely hard, it can be a challenge to shape or weld. When mixed in with
another metal, however, titanium often becomes easier to work with. Numerous
alloys of other metals often contain minute amounts of titanium, however these
are not considered a titanium alloy unless titanium comprises the majority of
the substance.
Thirty-eight common types of titanium
alloy exist. The general mix is made up of 90% titanium, 4% vanadium, and 6%
aluminum and is known as Grade 5. This Grade 5 is also known as Titanium
6AL-4V, and is suitable for military use. This titanium grade remains stable in
applications up to 752 degrees Fahrenheit. It is typically used in aircraft
turbines, which become very hot due to quick rotations. Titanium comes in
grades 1-38, and different industries tend to rely on different grades.
Often seen as a wonder metal, titanium
is extremely light as well as exceedingly strong. In fact, it is nearly twice
as strong as aluminum, and about equally as strong as steel. Yet titanium is
40% lighter than aluminum and 45% lighter than steel. In addition to this, it
is non-reactive with the human body, which makes it ideal for medical implants.
Unfortunately, titanium’s use has been limited by its high cost, making alloys
often more affordable.
